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A binary liquid solution is prepared by mixing n-heptane and ethanol. Which one of the following statements is correct regarding the behaviour of the solution?

  1. A
    The solution formed is an ideal solution.
  2. B
    The solution is non-ideal, showing positive deviation from Raoult’s law.
  3. C
    The solution is non-ideal, showing negative deviation from Raoult’s law.
  4. D
    n-heptane shows positive deviation while ethanol shows negative deviation from Raoult’s law.

Solution & Step-by-step Explanation

Ethanol molecules are held together by strong intermolecular hydrogen bonding. When n-heptane (a non-polar solvent) is added, it comes between the ethanol molecules and breaks some of the hydrogen bonds. This weakens the intermolecular forces of attraction ( interactions are weaker than or ), leading to a higher vapour pressure than expected. Thus, the solution shows a positive deviation from Raoult’s law.

Practice this question

Try it yourself before checking the explanation above.

A binary liquid solution is prepared by mixing n-heptane and ethanol. Which one of the following statements is correct regarding the behaviour of the solution?
A
The solution formed is an ideal solution.
B
The solution is non-ideal, showing positive deviation from Raoult’s law.
C
The solution is non-ideal, showing negative deviation from Raoult’s law.
D
n-heptane shows positive deviation while ethanol shows negative deviation from Raoult’s law.

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Physical ChemistryLiquid SolutionsRaoult's Law

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