Ansh bought a smartphone from his colleague Sameer for Rs. 45,540 such that Sameer earned a profit of 10%. Sameer bought the phone from Anita, on which Anita earned a profit of 15%. Sujata sold that phone to Anita earning a profit of 20%. At what price (in Rs.) had Sujata bought the phone?

Let the price at which Sujata bought the phone be Rs. P.
The chain of transactions with respective profits is:

Sujata sells to Anita at 20% profit.

Anita sells to Sameer at 15% profit.

Sameer sells to Ansh at 10% profit.

The final price paid by Ansh is Rs. 45,540:

P×(1+
100
20
​
)×(1+
100
15
​
)×(1+
100
10
​
)=45540
P×
100
120
​
×
100
115
​
×
100
110
​
=45540
P×
5
6
​
×
20
23
​
×
10
11
​
=45540
P×
1000
1518
​
=45540
Solving for P:

P=
1518
45540×1000
​

Since 1518×30=45540:

P=30×1000=30000
Thus, Sujata bought the phone for Rs. 30,000.