Minamata disease in Japan was the result of water pollution by:

Minamata disease was first discovered in Minamata City, Japan, in 1956. It was caused by the release of industrial wastewater containing highly toxic methylmercury from a chemical factory. The methylmercury bioaccumulated in marine life (fish and shellfish) which, when consumed by the local population, resulted in severe mercury poisoning affecting the central nervous system.