Read the given statements and conclusions carefully. Assuming that the information given in the statements is true, even if it appears to be at variance with commonly known facts, decide which of the given conclusions logically follow(s) from the statements.
Statements:
Some dolls are rockets.
Some rockets are engines.
All engines are solids.
Conclusions:
I. No doll is solid.
II. No solid is an engine.
III. Some dolls are solid.
IV. No engine is a rocket.
- AOnly conclusions II and IV follow.
- BEither conclusion II or III follows.
- COnly conclusions I and III follow.
- DEither conclusion I or III follows.
Solution & Step-by-step Explanation
Let's evaluate the conclusions based on the statements:
Statement 3 states "All engines are solids". This directly contradicts Conclusion II ("No solid is an engine"), so II is false.
Statement 2 states "Some rockets are engines", which means some engines are rockets. This contradicts Conclusion IV ("No engine is a rocket"), so IV is false.
Now look at Conclusion I ("No doll is solid") and Conclusion III ("Some dolls are solid"). These two form a complementary pair because they cover all possibilities regarding the relationship between dolls and solids, and both elements are identical. Since there is no deterministic statement binding dolls to solids, either they do not intersect at all (No doll is solid) or they do intersect (Some dolls are solid).
Thus, Either conclusion I or III follows.
Statement 3 states "All engines are solids". This directly contradicts Conclusion II ("No solid is an engine"), so II is false.
Statement 2 states "Some rockets are engines", which means some engines are rockets. This contradicts Conclusion IV ("No engine is a rocket"), so IV is false.
Now look at Conclusion I ("No doll is solid") and Conclusion III ("Some dolls are solid"). These two form a complementary pair because they cover all possibilities regarding the relationship between dolls and solids, and both elements are identical. Since there is no deterministic statement binding dolls to solids, either they do not intersect at all (No doll is solid) or they do intersect (Some dolls are solid).
Thus, Either conclusion I or III follows.