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1 mark

Read the given statements and conclusions carefully. Assuming that the information given in the statements is true, even if it appears to be at variance with commonly known facts, decide which of the given conclusions logically follow(s) from the statements.
Statements:

All mats are sheets.

No sheet is a paper.

Some papers are notebooks.

Conclusions:
I. No mat is a paper.
II. Some sheets are notebooks.

  1. A
    Both conclusions I and II follow
  2. B
    Only conclusion I follows
  3. C
    Only conclusion II follows
  4. D
    Neither conclusion I nor II follows

Solution & Step-by-step Explanation

Let us evaluate the conclusions using logical relations (or Venn diagram subsets):
Statement 1: All mats are sheets ⟹Mats⊆Sheets.

Statement 2: No sheet is a paper ⟹Sheets∩Papers=∅.

Statement 3: Some papers are notebooks ⟹Papers∩Notebooks

=∅.

Now let's test the conclusions:

Conclusion I: No mat is a paper.
Since all mats are entirely inside sheets (Mats⊆Sheets), and no sheet can ever touch a paper, it is completely impossible for any mat to touch a paper. Therefore, Conclusion I is definitely true.

Conclusion II: Some sheets are notebooks.
There is no mandatory intersection given between sheets and notebooks. Notebooks overlap with papers, but they don't necessarily have to extend into the sheets circle. Therefore, Conclusion II does not logically follow.

Thus, Only conclusion I follows.

Practice this question

Try it yourself before checking the explanation above.

Read the given statements and conclusions carefully. Assuming that the information given in the statements is true, even if it appears to be at variance with commonly known facts, decide which of the given conclusions logically follow(s) from the statements.
Statements:

All mats are sheets.

No sheet is a paper.

Some papers are notebooks.

Conclusions:
I. No mat is a paper.
II. Some sheets are notebooks.
A
Both conclusions I and II follow
B
Only conclusion I follows
C
Only conclusion II follows
D
Neither conclusion I nor II follows

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