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The balloon-shaped structures called tyloses:

  1. A
    are linked to the ascent of sap through xylem vessels
  2. B
    originate in the lumen of vessels
  3. C
    characterize the sapwood
  4. D
    are extensions of xylem parenchyma cells into vessels

Solution & Step-by-step Explanation

Tyloses are balloon-like outgrowths of xylem parenchyma cells that enter the lumen of xylem vessels through pits. They typically occur in heartwood and block the vessels, making them non-functional for water transport.

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The balloon-shaped structures called tyloses:
A
are linked to the ascent of sap through xylem vessels
B
originate in the lumen of vessels
C
characterize the sapwood
D
are extensions of xylem parenchyma cells into vessels

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Anatomy of Flowering Plants

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