Two point charges $-q$ and $+q$ are placed at a distance of $L$, as shown in the figure. The magnitude of electric field intensity at a distance $R$ ($R\gg L$) varies as:

The arrangement of $-q$ and $+q$ separated by distance $L$ forms an electric dipole.For an electric dipole, the electric field $E$ at a large distance $R$ ($R\gg L$) on either the axial or equatorial line is proportional to $1/R^3$.(In comparison, for a point charge, $E\propto 1/R^2$).