Two statements are given followed by two conclusions numbered I and II. Assuming the statements to be true, even if they seem to be at variance with commonly known facts, decide which of the conclusions logically follow(s) from the statements.
Statements:
1. All games are tournaments.
2. Some tournaments are matches.
Conclusions:
I. All games are matches.
II. No game is a tournament.
- AOnly Conclusion II follows.
- BNeither Conclusion I nor II follows.
- CBoth Conclusions I and II follow.
- DOnly Conclusion I follows.
Solution & Step-by-step Explanation
Let us check the logical validity of the conclusions using Venn diagrams:
* From statement 1, the entire set of Games is inside the set of Tournaments ().
* From statement 2, some portion of Tournaments overlaps with Matches.
Now evaluate the conclusions:
* Conclusion I: "All games are matches." There is no definite relationship given between Games and Matches. They might overlap, or they might be independent. Since it is not definitely true in all cases, it does not follow.
Conclusion II: "No game is a tournament." Statement 1 clearly establishes that all* games are tournaments. Therefore, this negative conclusion is completely false.
Since neither conclusion follows, Option B is correct.
* From statement 1, the entire set of Games is inside the set of Tournaments ().
* From statement 2, some portion of Tournaments overlaps with Matches.
Now evaluate the conclusions:
* Conclusion I: "All games are matches." There is no definite relationship given between Games and Matches. They might overlap, or they might be independent. Since it is not definitely true in all cases, it does not follow.
Conclusion II: "No game is a tournament." Statement 1 clearly establishes that all* games are tournaments. Therefore, this negative conclusion is completely false.
Since neither conclusion follows, Option B is correct.