Which of the following layout diagrams correctly depicts the structure of the Modern Periodic Table in terms of its total number of periods and groups?

The Modern Periodic Table (long form of the periodic table) is constructed based on the Modern Periodic Law, which states that the properties of elements are a periodic function of their atomic numbers.
The structural framework of this table contains:

* 7 Horizontal rows called Periods.
* 18 Vertical columns called Groups.

Let's evaluate the given diagrams:

* Diagram (a) incorrectly shows 6 periods and 15 groups.
* Diagram (b) incorrectly shows 6 periods and 16 groups.
* Diagram (c) incorrectly shows 7 periods and 17 groups.
* Diagram (d) correctly shows 7 periods (numbered 1 to 7) and 18 groups (numbered 1 to 18).

Hence, Diagram (d) is the correct representation.