Which of the following ratios is classified as a solvency ratio?

Financial ratios are broadly grouped into functional classes:Activity/Efficiency Ratios: Stock (Inventory) Turnover and Debtor (Trade Receivables) Turnover measure operational velocity.Liquidity Ratios: The Current Ratio assesses short-term obligations.Solvency Ratios: These analyze an enterprise’s long-term capital leverage and ability to meet long-term obligations. The Debt-Equity Ratio ($\frac{\text{Long-term Debt}}{\text{Shareholders’ Equity}}$) directly measures long-term financial solvency.