ecology Questions

Among ‘The Evil Quartet’ which one is considered the most important cause driving extinction of species?

In the equation $GPP-R=NPP$, $R$ represents:

Identify the correct statements:A. Detritivores perform fragmentation.B. The humus is further degraded by some microbes during mineralization.C. Water soluble inorganic nutrients go down into the soil and get precipitated by a process called leaching.D. The detritus food chain begins with living organisms.E. Earthworms break down detritus into smaller particles by a process called catabolism.Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

The historic Convention on Biological Diversity, ‘The Earth Summit’ was held in Rio de Janeiro in the year:

Match List I with List II regarding species interactions:| List I (Interaction) | List II (Species A and B) || :--- | :--- || A. Mutualism | I. $+$ (A), $0$ (B) || B. Commensalism | II. $-$ (A), $0$ (B) || C. Amensalism | III. $+$ (A), $-$ (B) || D. Parasitism | IV. $+$ (A), $+$ (B) |

Given below are two statements:Statement I: Gause’s ‘Competitive Exclusion Principle’ states that two closely related species competing for the same resources cannot co-exist indefinitely and competitively inferior one will be eliminated eventually.Statement II: In general, carnivores are more adversely affected by competition than herbivores.In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer:

Match List I with List II regarding interactions:| List I (Interacting species) | List II (Name of Interaction) || :--- | :--- || A. A Leopard and a Lion in a forest | I. Competition || B. A Cuckoo laying egg in a Crow’s nest | II. Brood parasitism || C. Fungi and root of a higher plant | III. Mutualism || D. A cattle egret and a Cattle in a field | IV. Commensalism |

Match List 1 and List 2 regarding population growth and pyramids:| List 1 | List 2 || :--- | :--- || A. Logistic growth | I. Unlimited resource condition || B. Exponential growth | II. Limited resource condition || C. Expanding age pyramid | III. Pre-reproductive age group is largest || D. Stable age pyramid | IV. Pre-reproductive and reproductive groups are equal |