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easyMCQNEET 20192026Biology
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Pinus seed cannot germinate and establish without fungal association. This is because:

  1. A
    its embryo is immature.
  2. B
    it has obligate association with mycorrhizae.
  3. C
    it has very hard seed coat.
  4. D
    its seeds contain inhibitors that prevent germination.

Solution & Step-by-step Explanation

Pinus has an obligate association with mycorrhizae (fungi). The fungal hyphae provide a very large surface area for absorbing water and minerals from the soil, which is essential for the seedling's survival. Without this association, the seeds fail to germinate and establish.

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Pinus seed cannot germinate and establish without fungal association. This is because:
A
its embryo is immature.
B
it has obligate association with mycorrhizae.
C
it has very hard seed coat.
D
its seeds contain inhibitors that prevent germination.

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Plant KingdomGymnosperms

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