Ecology Questions

Prolonged liberal irrigation of agricultural fields is likely to create the problem of:

Which one of the following statements is correct?

Of the total incident solar radiation, the proportion of PAR (Photosynthetically Active Radiation) is:

Mass of living matter at a trophic level in an area at any time is called:

Large Woody Vines are more commonly found in:

Which one of the following statements is correct for secondary succession?

Which one of the following is categorised as a parasite in true sense?

What type of human population is represented by the following pyramid?

Which one of the following statements for pyramid of energy is incorrect?

Geometric representation of age structure is a characteristic of:

In which one of the following the BOD (Biochemical Oxygen Demand) of sewage (S), distillery effluent (DE), paper mill effluent (PE) and sugar mill effluent (SE) have been arranged in ascending order?

In a coal fired power plant electrostatic precipitators are installed to control emission of:

Which one of the following is not a bioindicator of water pollution?

Which one of the following pairs of organisms are exotic species introduced in India?

If the mean and the median pertaining to a certain character of a population are of the same value, the following is most likely to occur:

A high density of elephant population in an area can result in:

Identify the odd combination of the habitat and the particular animal concerned.

Which of the following ecosystem types has the highest annual net primary productivity?

The population of an insect species shows an explosive increase in numbers during rainy season followed by its disappearance at the end of the season. What does this show?

One of endangered species of Indian medicine plants is that of:

During sewage treatment, biogases are produced which include:

Which one of the following has maximum genetic diversity in India?

A biologist studies a population of rats. Natality = 250, Mortality = 240, Immigration = 20, Emigration = 30. The net increase in population is:

Which process of decomposition is correctly described?

Tiger is not a resident in which one of the following national parks?

A sedentary sea anemone gets attached to the shell lining of a hermit crab. This association is an example of:

Global warming can be controlled by:

A country with a high rate of population growth took measures to reduce it. The figure below shows age-sex pyramids of populations A and B twenty years apart. Select the correct interpretation:

Interpretations:
1) "B" is earlier pyramid and shows stabilised growth rate.
2) "B" is more recent showing that population is very young.
3) "A" is the earlier pyramid and no change has occurred in the growth rate.
4) "A" is more recent and shows slight reduction in the growth rate.

The Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act came into force in India in the year:

Which one of the following is correct matching of a plant, its habit and the forest type where it normally occurs?

Which of the following groups has the maximum number of species among the global biodiversity of plants and fungi?

Steps taken by the Government of India to control air pollution include:

Kyoto Protocol was endorsed at:

In a grazing food chain, the first trophic level is occupied by:

The correct sequence of plants in a hydrosere is:

The pioneer species in a hydrarch succession are:

Increase in the concentration of the toxicant at successive trophic levels is known as:

Montreal Protocol aims at:

Which of the following is responsible for the depletion of the ozone layer in the stratosphere?

An example of ex situ conservation is:

DDT residues are rapidly passed through the food chain causing biomagnification because DDT is:

A location with luxuriant growth of lichens on the trees indicates that the:

Genetic diversity in agricultural crops is threatened by:

Presently, the global atmosphere is warming up.

Match the following and select the correct option:(a) Earthworm — (i) Pioneer species(b) Succession — (ii) Detritivore(c) Ecosystem service — (iii) Natality(d) Population growth — (iv) Pollination

Chipko movement was launched for the protection of:

A species facing an extremely high risk of extinction in the immediate future is called:

The zone of atmosphere in which the ozone layer is present is called:

Which one of the following types of organisms occupy more than one trophic level in a pond ecosystem?

The organization which publishes the Red List of species is:

What gases are produced in anaerobic sludge digesters?

Reduction in vascular tissue, mechanical tissue and cuticle is characteristic of:

Thousands of migratory birds from Siberia move to which place in India during the winter season?

In a terrestrial phosphorus cycle, what do the labels A, B, C, and D represent?

Consider the following statements $(A-D)$ about organic farming:$A.$ Utilizes genetically modified crops like Bt cotton.$B.$ Uses only naturally produced inputs like compost.$C.$ Does not use pesticides and urea.$D.$ Produces vegetables rich in vitamins and minerals.Which of the above statements are correct?

In the representation of global diversity of invertebrates, what do the portions A, B, C, and D represent?

The age-sex structure of human population in countries like France and Germany gives a steep pyramid.

A scrubber in the exhaust of a chemical industrial plant removes:

Which one of the following animals may occupy more than one trophic levels in the same ecosystem at the same time?

If $20\text{J}$ of energy is trapped at the producer level, then how much energy will be available to the peacock in the following food chain?$\text{plant}\to \text{mice}\to \text{snake}\to \text{peacock}$

Most animals that live in deep oceanic waters are:

Biodiversity of a geographical region represents:

An association of individuals of different species living in the same habitat and having functional interactions is:

In which of the following both pairs have correct combination?

The logistic population growth is expressed by the equation:

In which of the following interactions both partners are adversely affected?

The species confined to a particular region and not found elsewhere is termed as:

Both hydrarch and xerarch successions lead to:

Eutrophication of water bodies leading to killing of fishes is mainly due to non-availability of:

One of the ex-situ conservation methods for endangered species is:

Acid rain is caused by increase in the atmospheric concentration of:

The breakdown of detritus into smaller particles by earthworm is a process called:

Increase in concentration of the toxicant at successive trophic levels is known as:

During ecological succession:

Consider the following statement $(A)\text{–}(D)$ with blanks. Which option gives the correct fill ups?$(A)$ Bears go into $(1)$ during winter to $(2)$ cold weather.$(B)$ A conical age pyramid with a broad base represents $(3)$ human population.$(C)$ A wasp pollinating a fig flower is an example of $(4)$.$(D)$ An area with high levels of species richness is known as $(5)$.

Which the following are most suitable indicator of ${\text{SO}}_2$ pollution in the environment?

Quercus species are the dominant component in:

The UN conference of Parties on climate change in the year 2012 was held at:

Which of the following is the most important cause of animals and plants being driven to extinction?

A river with an inflow of domestic sewage rich in organic waste may result in:

A system of rotating crops with legume or grass pasture to improve soil structure and fertility is called:

About $70\%$ of total global carbon is found in:

Gause's principle of competitive exclusion states that:

Depletion of which gas in the atmosphere can lead to an increased incidence of skin cancers:

Which one of the following is a characteristic feature of cropland ecosystem?

Which of the following would appear as the pioneer organisms on bare rocks?

Which of the following is NOT observed in biodiversity hotspots?

When does the growth rate of a population following the logistic model equal zero? The logistic model is given as $dN/dt=rN(1-N/K)$:

Joint Forest Management Concept was introduced in India during:

How many hot spots of biodiversity in the world have been identified till date by Norman Myers?

Which one of the following correctly represents an organism and its ecological niche?

The World Summit on Sustainable Development ($2002$) was held in:

The primary producers of the deep-sea hydrothermal vent ecosystem are:

Which of the following is correct for $r$ -selected species?

If '+' sign is assigned to beneficial interaction, '–' sign to detrimental and '0' sign to neutral interaction, then the population interaction represented by '+' '–' refers to:

The upright pyramid of number is absent in:

Which of the following is correctly matched?

Red List contains data or information on:

The slow rate of decomposition of fallen logs in nature is primarily due to their:

Given below is an imaginary pyramid of numbers. What could be one of the possibilities about certain organisms at some of the different levels?