Excretion Questions

Which of the following factors is responsible for the formation of concentrated urine?

Use of an artificial kidney during hemodialysis may result in:(a) Nitrogenous waste build-up in the body(b) Non-elimination of excess potassium ions(c) Reduced absorption of calcium ions from gastro-intestinal tract(d) Reduced RBC productionWhich of the following options is the most appropriate?

Match the following parts of a nephron with their function:(a) Descending limb of Henle's loop (i) Reabsorption of salts only(b) Proximal convoluted tubule (ii) Reabsorption of water only(c) Ascending limb of Henle's loop (iii) Conditional reabsorption of sodium ions(d) Distal convoluted tubule (iv) Reabsorption of ions, water, and organic nutrients

Match the items in Column - I with those in Column - II:Column I: (a) Podocytes, (b) Protonephridia, (c) Nephridia, (d) Renal calculiColumn II: (i) Crystallised oxalate, (ii) Annelids, (iii) Amphioxus, (iv) Filtration slits