Ecology Questions

More than 70% of world's freshwater is contained in:

Prolonged liberal irrigation of agricultural fields is likely to create the problem of:

Of the total incident solar radiation, the proportion of PAR (Photosynthetically Active Radiation) is:

Mass of living matter at a trophic level in an area at any time is called:

Which one of the following is categorised as a parasite in true sense?

Which one of the following statements is correct for secondary succession?

Which one of the following statements for pyramid of energy is incorrect?

What type of human population is represented by the following pyramid?

Large Woody Vines are more commonly found in:

Which one of the following statements is correct?

In a grazing food chain, the first trophic level is occupied by:

Global warming can be controlled by:

The correct sequence of plants in a hydrosere is:

Which one of the following is not a bioindicator of water pollution?

An example of ex situ conservation is:

Which one of the following types of organisms occupy more than one trophic level in a pond ecosystem?

The zone of atmosphere in which the ozone layer is present is called:

In a terrestrial phosphorus cycle, what do the labels A, B, C, and D represent?

Biodiversity of a geographical region represents:

Most animals that live in deep oceanic waters are:

The species confined to a particular region and not found elsewhere is termed as:

Identify the odd combination of the habitat and the particular animal concerned.

Quercus species are the dominant component in:

Consider the following statement $(A)\text{–}(D)$ with blanks. Which option gives the correct fill ups?$(A)$ Bears go into $(1)$ during winter to $(2)$ cold weather.$(B)$ A conical age pyramid with a broad base represents $(3)$ human population.$(C)$ A wasp pollinating a fig flower is an example of $(4)$.$(D)$ An area with high levels of species richness is known as $(5)$.

During ecological succession:

A river with an inflow of domestic sewage rich in organic waste may result in:

Which process of decomposition is correctly described?

A country with a high rate of population growth took measures to reduce it. The figure below shows age-sex pyramids of populations A and B twenty years apart. Select the correct interpretation:

Interpretations:
1) "B" is earlier pyramid and shows stabilised growth rate.
2) "B" is more recent showing that population is very young.
3) "A" is the earlier pyramid and no change has occurred in the growth rate.
4) "A" is more recent and shows slight reduction in the growth rate.

Which of the following groups has the maximum number of species among the global biodiversity of plants and fungi?

In which one of the following the BOD (Biochemical Oxygen Demand) of sewage (S), distillery effluent (DE), paper mill effluent (PE) and sugar mill effluent (SE) have been arranged in ascending order?

Increase in the concentration of the toxicant at successive trophic levels is known as:

DDT residues are rapidly passed through the food chain causing biomagnification because DDT is:

Match the following and select the correct option:(a) Earthworm — (i) Pioneer species(b) Succession — (ii) Detritivore(c) Ecosystem service — (iii) Natality(d) Population growth — (iv) Pollination

Presently, the global atmosphere is warming up.

What gases are produced in anaerobic sludge digesters?

Consider the following statements $(A-D)$ about organic farming:$A.$ Utilizes genetically modified crops like Bt cotton.$B.$ Uses only naturally produced inputs like compost.$C.$ Does not use pesticides and urea.$D.$ Produces vegetables rich in vitamins and minerals.Which of the above statements are correct?

A scrubber in the exhaust of a chemical industrial plant removes:

If the mean and the median pertaining to a certain character of a population are of the same value, the following is most likely to occur:

In which of the following both pairs have correct combination?

Both hydrarch and xerarch successions lead to:

Acid rain is caused by increase in the atmospheric concentration of:

One of the ex-situ conservation methods for endangered species is:

The UN conference of Parties on climate change in the year 2012 was held at:

Which of the following is the most important cause of animals and plants being driven to extinction?

Which of the following ecosystem types has the highest annual net primary productivity?

Which of the following is NOT observed in biodiversity hotspots?

A system of rotating crops with legume or grass pasture to improve soil structure and fertility is called:

The World Summit on Sustainable Development ($2002$) was held in:

The population of an insect species shows an explosive increase in numbers during rainy season followed by its disappearance at the end of the season. What does this show?

The slow rate of decomposition of fallen logs in nature is primarily due to their:

The upright pyramid of number is absent in:

Which one of the following correctly represents an organism and its ecological niche?

Given below is an imaginary pyramid of numbers. What could be one of the possibilities about certain organisms at some of the different levels?

Which two of the following statements concerning food chains are correct?(a) Removal of $80\%$ tigers results in increased vegetation growth.(b) Removal of most carnivores results in an increased deer population.(c) Food chains are generally limited to $3-4$ trophic levels due to energy loss.(d) Food chain length varies from $2$ to $8$ trophic levels.

Which one of the following is NOT a functional unit of an ecosystem?

Which one of the following is NOT a gaseous biogeochemical cycle in an ecosystem?

One of endangered species of Indian medicine plants is that of:

Study the population distribution of ten species ($\text{A-J}$) in four areas ($\text{a-d}$). Which area shows the maximum species diversity?

Natural reservoir of phosphorus is:

A biologist studies a population of rats. Natality = 250, Mortality = 240, Immigration = 20, Emigration = 30. The net increase in population is:

Tiger is not a resident in which one of the following national parks?

A sedentary sea anemone gets attached to the shell lining of a hermit crab. This association is an example of:

Geometric representation of age structure is a characteristic of:

The Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act came into force in India in the year:

Steps taken by the Government of India to control air pollution include:

Kyoto Protocol was endorsed at:

Which one of the following is correct matching of a plant, its habit and the forest type where it normally occurs?

The pioneer species in a hydrarch succession are:

Montreal Protocol aims at:

Which of the following is responsible for the depletion of the ozone layer in the stratosphere?

In a coal fired power plant electrostatic precipitators are installed to control emission of:

A location with luxuriant growth of lichens on the trees indicates that the:

Chipko movement was launched for the protection of:

A species facing an extremely high risk of extinction in the immediate future is called:

Genetic diversity in agricultural crops is threatened by:

The organization which publishes the Red List of species is:

Reduction in vascular tissue, mechanical tissue and cuticle is characteristic of:

Thousands of migratory birds from Siberia move to which place in India during the winter season?

Which one of the following pairs of organisms are exotic species introduced in India?

In the representation of global diversity of invertebrates, what do the portions A, B, C, and D represent?

Which one of the following animals may occupy more than one trophic levels in the same ecosystem at the same time?

If $20\text{J}$ of energy is trapped at the producer level, then how much energy will be available to the peacock in the following food chain?$\text{plant}\to \text{mice}\to \text{snake}\to \text{peacock}$

The age-sex structure of human population in countries like France and Germany gives a steep pyramid.

An association of individuals of different species living in the same habitat and having functional interactions is:

The logistic population growth is expressed by the equation:

In which of the following interactions both partners are adversely affected?

A high density of elephant population in an area can result in:

Eutrophication of water bodies leading to killing of fishes is mainly due to non-availability of:

The breakdown of detritus into smaller particles by earthworm is a process called:

Increase in concentration of the toxicant at successive trophic levels is known as:

Which the following are most suitable indicator of ${\text{SO}}_2$ pollution in the environment?

About $70\%$ of total global carbon is found in:

Secondary productivity is the rate of formation of new organic matter by:

A global agreement in specific control strategies to reduce the release of ozone depleting substances was adopted by:

Which one of the following is not used for ex-situ plant conservation?

Which one of the following pairs of geographical areas show maximum biodiversity in our country?

Given below is one of the types of ecological pyramids.This type represents:

Which of the following represent the maximum number of species among global biodiversity?

Which one of the following has maximum genetic diversity in India?

During sewage treatment, biogases are produced which include: